Why do periods hurt?

Menstrual pain, also called dysmenorrhea, is a common problem for many women. There are several reasons why periods can hurt.

During menstruation, the uterus contracts to expel the uterine lining. These contractions are caused by prostaglandins, chemicals in the body. High levels of prostaglandins can lead to strong and painful contractions. Prostaglandins also play a role in causing inflammation and swelling, which can contribute to pain.

When the uterus contracts strongly, it can temporarily reduce blood flow to the uterus, leading to ischemia (lack of oxygen in the tissues) and pain.

Endometriosis can also be the cause of pain. This is a condition in which the tissue that normally lines the inside of the uterus grows outside the uterus. This can lead to severe menstrual pain, as this tissue also responds to the hormonal changes of the menstrual cycle.

Benign growths in the uterine wall can also cause menstrual pain. An infection of the female reproductive organs can also lead to pain during menstruation. Sometimes congenital abnormalities such as a narrowed cervix can also cause pain. Stress and emotional tension can worsen the perception of pain. Although this is not a direct cause, it can influence the intensity of the pain experienced.

Author: Prof. Dr. Dirk Devroey - Latest update: 0000-00-00 - Copyright: Clinifacts 2024