What is heat stroke?

Heat stroke, also called heat stroke, is a serious medical condition that occurs when the body overheats due to prolonged exposure to high temperatures or physical exertion in hot environments.

The body loses the ability to cool itself, which can lead to dangerous increases in body temperature. The symptoms of heat stroke include a high body temperature of 40°C (104°F) or higher, confusion and delirium, dry skin, rapid breathing and heart rate, nausea and vomiting, and muscle cramps.

Heat stroke often occurs with intense exertion in hot and humid conditions or with prolonged exposure to high temperatures without adequate cooling and hydration. Insufficient fluid intake leads to reduced sweat production and therefore a reduced ability to cool down.

Heat stroke is life-threatening and requires emergency care. Seek medical attention immediately. Move the person to a cool area, remove excess clothing, and use cold wet cloths or a cold water bath to lower body temperature. If the person is conscious, give cool water or sports drink. Avoid caffeine and alcohol.

To prevent heat stroke, it is best to drink enough water, especially in hot weather and during exercise. Wear light, breathable clothing and a hat or cap to avoid direct sunlight. Avoid strenuous exercise during the hottest part of the day and take frequent breaks in the shade. Provide indoor cooling with fans or air conditioning.

Source: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/heat-stroke/symptoms-causes/syc-20353581

Author: Prof. Dr. Dirk Devroey - Latest update: 2023-12-05 - Copyright: Clinifacts 2025