What is diverticulitis?

Diverticulitis is an inflammation or infection of small sac-like outpouchings (diverticula) that can form in the lining of the large intestine. This condition can range from mild to severe and can lead to complications if not treated properly.

Diverticula are usually caused by increased pressure in the colon, which causes the intestinal wall to bulge out. This process is called diverticulosis and is often asymptomatic. When one or more diverticula become inflamed or infected, diverticulitis occurs. The exact cause of this inflammation is not always clear, but it may be related to a blockage of the diverticulum, which leads to bacterial growth and inflammation.

The risk of developing diverticulitis increases with age, especially in people over 40. A diet low in fiber and high in fat and red meat can increase the risk. Being overweight increases the risk of diverticulitis. Smokers have a higher risk of developing diverticulitis. Lack of physical activity can contribute to the development of diverticula and inflammation.

The symptoms of diverticulitis can vary in severity. Abdominal pain usually occurs in the lower left side of the abdomen, but can also occur elsewhere. Fever and chills indicate an infection. Changes in bowel movements such as diarrhea, constipation may occur as well as nausea and vomiting in severe cases.

Treatment for diverticulitis depends on the severity of the condition but may include antibiotics, dietary changes, or surgery.

Source: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/diverticulosis-diverticulitis

Author: Prof. Dr. Dirk Devroey - Latest update: 2024-08-06 - Copyright: Clinifacts 2025