What is sepsis?

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that occurs when the body overreacts to an infection, leading to widespread inflammation and organ damage.

Sepsis occurs when the immune system, trying to fight an infection, triggers an inflammatory response throughout the body. This can damage the function of vital organs such as the heart, lungs, kidneys and liver.

Sepsis can be caused by infections from bacteria, viruses, fungi or parasites. Common infections that can lead to sepsis include pneumonia, urinary tract infections, abdominal infections and skin infections.

Sepsis can include high or low body temperature, rapid heart rate and breathing, confusion, extreme pain, shivering and clammy or sweaty skin.

If sepsis is not treated early, it can progress to septic shock, which is associated with a dangerous drop in blood pressure and can lead to multiple organ failure and death. Early detection and treatment are crucial for a better outcome, often with antibiotics, intravenous fluids and sometimes other medications to support blood pressure and organ function.

Source: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/sepsis

Author: Prof. Dr. Dirk Devroey - Latest update: 2024-09-12 - Copyright: Clinifacts 2025