Can elderberry syrup be poisonous?

Elderberry syrup can be potentially toxic if not prepared properly. The berries of the elderberry plant (Sambucus nigra) contain toxic substances, such as cyanogenic glycosides, which can form cyanide in the body.

These substances are found in the raw berries, as well as in the leaves, seeds, and bark of the plant. Cyanide poisoning can lead to symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, weakness, and in extreme cases, difficulty breathing and loss of consciousness.

Consuming raw elderberries (or their juice) can lead to mild to severe symptoms of poisoning. When preparing elderberry syrup, the berries must be thoroughly heated. Boiling neutralizes the harmful cyanogenic glycosides, making it safe to consume.

To make elderberry syrup safe, the berries must be boiled for at least 20 to 30 minutes. This ensures that the toxins are broken down and the product is safe to consume.

Elderberry syrup is not toxic when prepared properly by thoroughly boiling the berries. However, raw berries or improperly prepared syrups can contain toxins that can be hazardous to your health.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/00000311.htm

Author: Prof. Dr. Dirk Devroey - Latest update: 2024-09-25 - Copyright: Clinifacts 2025